man 2 文档
[root@ubuntu /arnold_test/20220324_hikflow_demo__socket_server_test]102# man -f shutdown
shutdown (8) - Halt, power-off or reboot the machine
shutdown (2) - shut down part of a full-duplex connection
shutdown (3posix) - shut down socket send and receive operations
SHUTDOWN(2) Linux Programmer's Manual SHUTDOWN(2)
NAME
shutdown - shut down part of a full-duplex connection
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/socket.h>
int shutdown(int sockfd, int how);
DESCRIPTION
The shutdown() call causes all or part of a full-duplex connection on the socket associated with sockfd to be shut down. If how is SHUT_RD, further recep‐
tions will be disallowed. If how is SHUT_WR, further transmissions will be disallowed. If how is SHUT_RDWR, further receptions and transmissions will be
disallowed.
//shutdown() 调用导致与 sockfd 关联的套接字上的全双工连接全部或部分关闭。
//如果 SHUT_RD 是怎样的，则不允许进一步的接收。
//如果 SHUT_WR 怎样，则不允许进一步传输。 如果 SHUT_RDWR 怎么样，将不允许进一步的接收和传输。
RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.
ERRORS
EBADF sockfd is not a valid descriptor.
EINVAL An invalid value was specified in how (but see BUGS).
ENOTCONN
The specified socket is not connected.
ENOTSOCK
The file descriptor sockfd does not refer to a socket.
CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, 4.4BSD (shutdown() first appeared in 4.2BSD).
NOTES
The constants SHUT_RD, SHUT_WR, SHUT_RDWR have the value 0, 1, 2, respectively, and are defined in <sys/socket.h> since glibc-2.1.91.
BUGS
Checks for the validity of how are done in domain-specific code, and before Linux 3.7 not all domains performed these checks. Most notably, UNIX domain
sockets simply ignored invalid values. This problem was fixed for UNIX domain sockets in Linux 3.7.
SEE ALSO
connect(2), socket(2), socket(7)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 4.04 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version
of this page, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
Linux 2015-12-28 SHUTDOWN(2)
20230816
文章目录
C语言中的socket shutdown()函数
在网络编程中，shutdown()函数是一个重要的工具，它允许我们关闭套接字连接的一部分或全部。本文将详细介绍C语言中的shutdown()函数，并通过示例代码、应用场景以及注意事项来深入理解这个主题。
目录
shutdown()函数概述
shutdown()函数定义在<sys/socket.h>头文件中。它可以关闭与特定套接字关联的全双工连接的一部分或全部。这个函数提供了一种更精细的控制方式，比如只关闭连接的输入流或输出流，而不是完全关闭连接。
函数原型为：
int shutdown(int sockfd, int how);
其中，sockfd是需要关闭的套接字描述符，how则决定了关闭的方式。
shutdown()函数的参数
shutdown()函数有两个参数：
sockfd：一个已经打开的套接字描述符。how：一个整数值，决定了要关闭的连接类型。可以取以下三个值之一：- 0：关闭接收通道。
- 1：关闭发送通道。
- 2：同时关闭发送和接收通道。
shutdown()函数的返回值
shutdown()函数成功时返回0，失败时返回-1，并设置errno为相应的错误码。
shutdown()函数使用示例
以下是一个使用shutdown()函数的简单示例，演示了如何关闭套接字的发送通道：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
int main(void) {
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0) {
perror("Failed to create socket");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// ... connect or bind and accept ...
if (shutdown(sockfd, SHUT_WR) < 0) {
perror("Failed to shutdown socket");
close(sockfd);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// ... can still receive data but cannot send ...
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
shutdown()函数的常见问题和注意事项
- 关闭套接字的一部分并不意味着套接字不能再被使用。例如，如果你只关闭了发送通道，你仍然可以从套接字接收数据。
- 如果你想完全关闭一个套接字，你需要调用
close()函数。 shutdown()函数只会影响当前进程对套接字的使用，它不会影响其他可能正在使用同一套接字的进程。
参考资料
- Stevens, W. Richard. Unix Network Programming, Volume 1: The Sockets Networking API. Addison-Wesley Professional, 2003.
- Beej’s Guide to Network Programming
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