python tkinter Button的使用

 今天我们来介绍一下tkinter中的Button类的使用


目录

前言

学习

1)认识Button

2)使用Button

1)调用Button

2)Button的边框

 3)Button的状态

3)示例

总结


 

前言

       tkinter除了弹出窗口、制作文本框、Label外,Button按钮类的使用简直就是基础再基础的东西。如果你不会按钮,就要用Label加重复执行鼠标坐标判断,那多可怕,时间复杂度和CPU直接罢工!有了按钮锦上添花,没了按钮雪上加霜……可见按钮有多重要

     今天我们将由易到难地学习Button的用法

学习

1)认识Button

Button,按钮的意思,是指按钮是一种常用的控制电器元件,常用来接通或断开控制电路,从而达到控制电动机或其他电气设备运行目的的一种开关。但是这里的按钮是指在窗口内的一个形状、大小不定的、用鼠标点击可以触动事件的部件

按钮在生活中很常见,适用性很广,但是如果设计不当,就会带来麻烦。比如误触了警报啊,发生事故啊等等。编程里的按钮也是,设计不当,轻则影响页面美观,酿成bug,重则电脑死机都有可能。所以设置按钮的时候,拿出头孢、板蓝根、一杯水在旁边备着,小心点,就ok了……

其实很多时候我们用不到按钮,tkinter.ttk的Button,tkinter本t的Checkbutton和Radiobutton,tkinter.simpledialog的对话框,easygui的buttonbox都可以代替Button,但是Button是他们的姥姥,所以你要先学好姥姥Button再搞出自行车

 

2)使用Button

1)调用Button

之众所周,Button是tkinter中的一个类,所以调用的时候只需要tkinter.Button(参数)就行了

语法如下:

tkinter.Button(master=None, cnf={}, **kw)

常见**kw:

text:按钮上显示的文本

command:按钮点击时触发的事件

height:按钮的高度

width:按钮的宽度

bg:按钮的背景色

fg:按钮字体的颜色

activebackground:点击时按钮的背景颜色

activeforeground:点击时按钮的字体的颜色

font:字体样式、大小

image:按钮的图片

示例:

import tkinter
a=tkinter.Tk()
def func():
    print('我被触发了')

b=tkinter.Button(a,text='点击我',command=func,height=10,width=30,bg='red',fg='yellow',
                 activebackground='blue',activeforeground='red')
b.pack()

               未点击时                                          点击时

2)Button的边框

边框很piu亮,大家都知道。但是Button该如何添加边框呢?

对了,就是用relief

FLAT:无边框

GROOVE:细小的边框

RAISED:普通

RIDGE:微微凹陷

SOLID:“粗壮”

SUNKEN:凹陷

示例:

from tkinter import *

def hello():
    print('Hello!')

root=Tk()
button1=Button(root,text='click me!',command=hello,relief=FLAT)
button1.pack()
button2=Button(root,text='click me!',command=hello,relief=GROOVE)
button2.pack()
button3=Button(root,text='click me!',command=hello,relief=RAISED)
button3.pack()
button4=Button(root,text='click me!',command=hello,relief=RIDGE)
button4.pack()
button5=Button(root,text='click me!',command=hello,relief=SOLID)
button5.pack()
button6=Button(root,text='click me!',command=hello,relief=SUNKEN)
button6.pack()
root.mainloop()

 3)Button的状态

有没有见过一些软件有按钮是灰色的,不能按,是锁定状态。python可以实现!!

只需要state这个自行车车轮就可以了

他有三个状态:

norma活跃状态
active普通状态
disabled

锁定状态

示例:

from tkinter import *

def hello():
    print('Hello!')

def b2(event):
    print(event,' is clicked.')

root=Tk()

for r in ['norma','active','disabled']:
    Button(root,state=r,text=r).pack()

root.mainloop()

3)示例

示例:

import tkinter
a=tkinter.Tk()
l=tkinter.Label(a,text='你长大了要当什么')
l.grid(row=0,column=0)
b0=tkinter.Button(a,text='当太空人',bg='red',fg='green',relief=tkinter.SOLID)
b1=tkinter.Button(a,text='当喜羊羊',bg='blue',fg='red',relief=tkinter.RIDGE)
b2=tkinter.Button(a,text='当灰太狼',bg='green',fg='blue',relief=tkinter.FLAT)
b3=tkinter.Button(a,text='当人',bg='red',fg='green',state='disabled')
b0.grid(row=2,column=0)
b1.grid(row=2,column=2)
b2.grid(row=2,column=4)
b3.grid(row=2,column=6)

 

总结

这就是按钮,有兴趣的人可以查资料,把我没讲到的地方评论区告诉我

好了,本篇文章到此结束,观众们可以洗洗睡了~

非喜勿喷!! 

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Abstract Describes the Tkinter widget set for constructing graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in the Python programming language. This publication is available in Web form1 and also as a PDF document2. Please forward any comments to [email protected]. Table of Contents 1. What is Tkinter?.......................................................................................................................3 2. A minimal application..............................................................................................................3 3. Definitions..............................................................................................................................4 4. Layout management.................................................................................................................5 4.1. The .grid() method....................................................................................................5 4.2. Other grid management methods...................................................................................6 4.3. Configuring column and row sizes.................................................................................7 4.4. Making the root window resizeable................................................................................8 5. Standard attributes...................................................................................................................8 5.1. Dimensions...................................................................................................................9 5.2. The coordinate system...................................................................................................9 5.3. Colors...........................................................................................................................9 5.4. Type fonts...................................................................................................................10 5.5. Anchors......................................................................................................................11 5.6. Relief styles.................................................................................................................12 5.7. Bitmaps.......................................................................................................................12 5.8. Cursors.......................................................................................................................12 5.9. Images........................................................................................................................14 5.10. Geometry strings........................................................................................................14 5.11. Window names...........................................................................................................15 5.12. Cap and join styles.....................................................................................................15 5.13. Dash patterns.............................................................................................................16 5.14. Matching stipple patterns............................................................................................16 6. The Button widget................................................................................................................17 7. The Canvas widget................................................................................................................19 7.1. Canvas coordinates......................................................................................................20 7.2. The Canvas display list................................................................................................20 7.3. Canvas object IDs........................................................................................................21 7.4. Canvas tags................................................................................................................21 1http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/ 2http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/tkinter.pdf 1 Tkinter reference New Mexico Tech Computer Center 7.5. CanvastagOrId arguments......................................................................................21 7.6. Methods on Canvas widgets........................................................................................21 7.7. Canvas arc objects.......................................................................................................26 7.8. Canvas bitmap objects.................................................................................................28 7.9. Canvas image objects..................................................................................................29 7.10. Canvas line objects.....................................................................................................29 7.11. Canvas oval objects....................................................................................................31 7.12. Canvas polygon objects..............................................................................................32 7.13. Canvas rectangle objects.............................................................................................34 7.14. Canvas text objects.....................................................................................................35 7.15. Canvas window objects..............................................................................................36 8. The Checkbutton widget......................................................................................................37 9. The Entry widget..................................................................................................................40 9.1. Scrolling an Entry widget............................................................................................43 10. The Frame widget................................................................................................................43 11. The Label widget................................................................................................................44 12. The LabelFrame widget......................................................................................................46 13. The Listbox widget............................................................................................................48 13.1. Scrolling a Listbox widget........................................................................................52 14. The Menu widget..................................................................................................................52 14.1. Menu item creation (coption) options.........................................................................55 14.2. Top-level menus.........................................................................................................56 15. The Menubutton widget......................................................................................................57 16. The Message widget............................................................................................................59 17. The OptionMenu widget.......................................................................................................60 18. The PanedWindow widget....................................................................................................61 18.1. PanedWindow child configuration options...................................................................63 19. The Radiobutton widget....................................................................................................64 20. The Scale widget................................................................................................................67 21. The Scrollbar widget........................................................................................................70 21.1. The Scrollbarcommand callback............................................................................72 21.2. Connecting a Scrollbar to another widget................................................................73 22. The Spinbox widget............................................................................................................73 23. The Text widget..................................................................................................................78 23.1. Text widget indices...................................................................................................80 23.2. Text widget marks....................................................................................................81 23.3. Text widget images...................................................................................................82 23.4. Text widget windows...............................................................................................82 23.5. Text widget tags.......................................................................................................82 23.6. Setting tabs in a Text widget......................................................................................83 23.7. The Text widget undo/redo stack..............................................................................83 23.8. Methods on Text widgets..........................................................................................84 24. Toplevel: Top-level window methods..................................................................................91 25. Universal widget methods.....................................................................................................93 26. Standardizing appearance...................................................................................................101 26.1. How to name a widget class......................................................................................102 26.2. How to name a widget instance.................................................................................102 26.3. Resource specification lines.......................................................................................102 26.4. Rules for resource matching......................................................................................103 27. Connecting your application logic to the widgets...................................................................104 28. Control variables: the values behind the widgets...................................................................104 29. Focus: routing keyboard input.............................................................................................106 New Mexico Tech Computer Center Tkinter reference 2 30. Events................................................................................................................................107 30.1. Levels of binding......................................................................................................108 30.2. Event sequences.......................................................................................................109 30.3. Event types..............................................................................................................109 30.4. Event modifiers........................................................................................................110 30.5. Key names...............................................................................................................111 30.6. Writing your handler: The Event class......................................................................113 30.7. The extra arguments trick..........................................................................................115 30.8. Virtual events...........................................................................................................116 31. Pop-up dialogs....................................................................................................................116 31.1. The tkMessageBox dialogs module..........................................................................116 31.2. The tkFileDialog module.....................................................................................118 31.3. The tkColorChooser module.................................................................................119

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