介绍spring3的注解方式和基本配置

逃离我推掉我的手 2022-05-12 12:08 200阅读 0赞

## spring3增加的注解方式 ##

@Service用于标注业务层组件  
@Repository用于标注数据访问组件，即DAO组件  
@Controller用于标注控制层组件，如Struts中的Action  
@Component泛指组件，当组件不要好归类时，可以使用这个注解进行标注

注意点如下：

1、可以使用诸如@Service("personDao")修改bean名称，而它默认的是将首字母小写的类名作为<bean>名称 
2、若要更改<bean>作用域的话，可以使用@Scope("prototype")注解来修改<bean>作用域

一般使用@Resource注解，而不要使用@Autowired注解  
因为@Autowired注解是Spring提供的，而@Resource注解是J2EE提供的  
在JDK6中就已经包含@Resource注解了，所以它没有跟Spring紧密耦合

## 一个配置spring+struts+jdbc的实现实例 ##

**spring.xml**

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 <td> &lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt; &lt;beans xmlns="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans</a>" &nbsp;xmlns:aop="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop</a>" xmlns:tx="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx</a>" &nbsp;xmlns:xsi="<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" rel="nofollow">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance</a>" xmlns:context="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/context</a>" &nbsp;xsi:schemaLocation="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/context</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" rel="nofollow"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx</a>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd" rel="nofollow">http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd</a> "&gt; &lt;!-- 使用 annotation的配置 --&gt; &nbsp;&lt;context:annotation-config /&gt; &nbsp;&lt;!-- 使用 annotation 自动注册bean,并检查@Controller, @Service, @Repository注解已被注入 --&gt; &nbsp;&lt;context:component-scan base-package="com.at" /&gt; &lt;!-- 配置文件属性容器 --&gt; &lt;bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;property name="location"&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;value&gt;classpath:jdbc.properties&lt;/value&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;/property&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;property name="fileEncoding"&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;value&gt;UTF-8&lt;/value&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;/property&gt; &lt;/bean&gt; &lt;!-- 配置DataSource数据源 --&gt; &lt;bean id="dataSource"&nbsp;class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"&gt; &nbsp;&lt;property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" /&gt;&lt;!-- com.mysql.jdbc.ReplicationDriver --&gt; &nbsp;&lt;property name="Url" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" /&gt; &nbsp;&lt;property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" /&gt; &nbsp;&lt;property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /&gt; &lt;/bean&gt; &lt;bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"&gt;&lt;/property&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;/bean&gt; &lt;!-- 配置事务管理器 --&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/bean&gt; &lt;!-- 采用@Transactional注解方式使用事务&nbsp;&nbsp; --&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;!-- &lt;tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/&gt; --&gt; &lt;/beans&gt; </td> 
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**dao类**

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 <td> import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.at.fee.model.FeeInfo; @Repository public class FeeInfoDao&nbsp; { &nbsp;@Resource &nbsp; private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; &nbsp; &nbsp;public List&lt;FeeInfo&gt; retrieveFeeInfos(){ //&nbsp;&nbsp; List&lt;FeeInfo&gt; listFeeInfo=new ArrayList&lt;FeeInfo&gt;(); &nbsp;&nbsp; String sql ="select * from ts_fee_info t where 1=1 "; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; List listFeeInfo= jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new FeeInfoMapper()); &nbsp;&nbsp; return listFeeInfo; &nbsp; } &nbsp; } </td> 
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**service类**

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 <td> import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.at.fee.dao.FeeInfoDao; import com.at.fee.model.FeeInfo; @Service public class FeeInfoService&nbsp; { &nbsp;@Resource &nbsp;private FeeInfoDao feeInfoDao;//=new FeeInfoDao() &nbsp; &nbsp;public List&lt;FeeInfo&gt; searchFeeInfos(){ &nbsp;&nbsp;List&lt;FeeInfo&gt; listFeeInfo=feeInfoDao.retrieveFeeInfos(); &nbsp;&nbsp;return listFeeInfo; &nbsp;} &nbsp; } </td> 
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**action类**

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 <td> import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import net.sf.json.JSONArray; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import com.at.fee.model.FeeInfo; import com.at.fee.service.FeeInfoService; import com.at.tsframe.base.BaseStruts2Action; @Scope("prototype") @Controller("feeInfoAction") public class FeeInfoAction extends BaseStruts2Action { &nbsp;private static final long serialVersionUID = -1793059480215383708L; &nbsp;@Resource(name= "feeInfoService") &nbsp;private FeeInfoService feeInfoService; &nbsp;public String searchFeeInfo() throws IOException{ &nbsp;&nbsp;List&lt;FeeInfo&gt; listFeeInfo=feeInfoService.searchFeeInfos(); &nbsp;&nbsp;JSONObject result=new JSONObject(); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; JSONArray rows = JSONArray.fromObject(listFeeInfo); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; result.put("rows", rows); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; result.put("total", listFeeInfo.size()); &nbsp;&nbsp;String jsonResult = result.toString(); &nbsp;&nbsp;HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse(); &nbsp;&nbsp;response.getWriter().write(jsonResult); &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;return null; &nbsp;} } </td> 
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struts配置

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 <td> &lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?&gt; &lt;!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "<a href="http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd" rel="nofollow">http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd</a>"&gt;&nbsp; &lt;struts&gt; &nbsp;&lt;!--&nbsp; struts.devMode :　是否设置为开发模式　true:是开发模式，否则不是 &nbsp;&nbsp;注：在开发模式下，修改Struts的配置文件后不需要重新启动Tomcat服务器即生效。 &nbsp;&nbsp;　　否则修改Struts配置文件后需要重新启动Tomcat服务器才生效。 &nbsp;--&gt; &nbsp;&lt;constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" /&gt; &nbsp;&lt;!-- 关闭动态方法调用,(关闭action名 + 感叹号 + 方法名进行方法调用,如login!checkLogin.action,调用Action名为login类中的checkLogin方法) --&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" /&gt; &nbsp;&lt;constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true"/&gt; &nbsp;&lt;!-- 该属性设置Struts 2是否支持动态方法调用，该属性的默认值是true。如果需要关闭动态方法调用，则可设置该属性为false --&gt; &nbsp;&lt;constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do" /&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8"/&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;!-- 加载模块 --&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;include file="struts_fee.xml"/&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;include file="struts_spec.xml"/&gt; &lt;/struts&gt; </td> 
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**struts\_fee.xml**

参考：[http://www.cnblogs.com/yl2755/archive/2012/05/06/2486752.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_yl2755_archive_2012_05_06_2486752.html]

[http_www.cnblogs.com_yl2755_archive_2012_05_06_2486752.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/yl2755/archive/2012/05/06/2486752.html