Linux命令之sfdisk命令

一、命令简介

  Linux sfdisk命令是硬盘分区工具程序。sfdisk有四种（主要）用途：列出分区的大小，列出设备上的分区，检查设备上的分区，以及-非常危险-重新分区设备。sfdisk不理解GUID分区表（GPT）格式，它不是为大分区设计的。在这些情况下，请使用更高级的GNU parted。parted使用见Linux命令之parted命令。

二、使用示例

1、获取命令帮助

[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk --help

2、查看命令版本

[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk --version
sfdisk，来自 util-linux 2.23.2

3、查看所有分区信息

sfdisk会列出四个主分区，如果分区数量少于4个，会显示分区号，信息为空
[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 61440 cylinders, 64 heads, 32 sectors/track
Units: cylinders of 1048576 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0

Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 1024 1024 1048576 83 Linux
sfdisk: start: (c,h,s) expected (1,0,1) found (0,32,33)

sfdisk: end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,63,32) found (130,170,40)

/dev/sda2 1025 61439 60415 61864960 8e Linux LVM
sfdisk: start: (c,h,s) expected (1023,63,32) found (130,170,41)

sfdisk: end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,63,32) found (1023,254,63)

/dev/sda3 0 - 0 0 0 空
/dev/sda4 0 - 0 0 0 空
…

4、查看指定分区大小

[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk -s /dev/sdb
20971520

5、验证磁盘分区

[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk -V /dev/sdb
Warning: no primary partition is marked bootable (active)
This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will not boot this disk.
/dev/sdb：OK
#如果检查试验fdisk命令分区的磁盘，提示如下
[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk -V /dev/sda2
Warning: start=2099200 - this looks like a partition rather than
the entire disk. Using fdisk on it is probably meaningless.
[Use the --force option if you really want this]

6、列出已知的分区类型

[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk -T
Id Name

0 空
1 FAT12
2 XENIX root
3 XENIX usr
4 FAT16 <32M
5 扩展
6 FAT16
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
8 AIX
…
fe LANstep
ff BBT
[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk -T |wc -l
100

7、查看磁盘的CHS参数

[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk -g
/dev/sda: 61440 cylinders, 64 heads, 32 sectors/track
/dev/sdb: 20480 cylinders, 64 heads, 32 sectors/track

8、以便于分区输入方式显示硬盘分区的设置

[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk -d
# partition table of /dev/sda
unit: sectors

/dev/sda1 : start= 2048, size= 2097152, Id=83, bootable
/dev/sda2 : start= 2099200, size=123729920, Id=8e
/dev/sda3 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
/dev/sda4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
# partition table of /dev/sdb
unit: sectors

/dev/sdb1 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
/dev/sdb2 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
/dev/sdb3 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
/dev/sdb4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0

9、磁盘分区

[root@s151 ~]# sfdisk /dev/sdb <<EOF
1,1520,L
1521,L
EOF
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now …
OK

Disk /dev/sdb: 20480 cylinders, 64 heads, 32 sectors/track
Old situation:
Units: cylinders of 1048576 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0

Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 0 - 0 0 0 空
/dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 空
/dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 空
/dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 空
New situation:
Units: cylinders of 1048576 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0

Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1520 1520 1556480 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 1521 20479 18959 19414016 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 空
/dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 空
Warning: no primary partition is marked bootable (active)
This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will not boot this disk.
Successfully wrote the new partition table

Re-reading the partition table …

If you created or changed a DOS partition, /dev/foo7, say, then use dd(1)
to zero the first 512 bytes: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/foo7 bs=512 count=1
(See fdisk(8).)

#磁盘分区时起始值为柱面值，可以通过如上截图查看磁盘的总共柱面数，一个柱面大小为1M。

三、使用语法及参数说明

1、使用语法

#sfdisk [选项] <设备> […]

2、参数说明